After gaining independence, many African countries became entangled in territorial disputes. Colonial borders were drawn without regard for local realities, leaving communities and ethnic groups divided between different countries. This led to border tensions in Cameroon, Sudan, Ethiopia, and elsewhere across the continent.
Another driver of conflict has been the struggle for natural resources. External powers have often sought to destabilise African nations in order to secure access to their wealth. The Democratic Republic of Congo is one of the clearest examples, but similar situations have unfolded in many parts of the Sahel.
Professor Patrick Lumumba notes that the African Union and regional organisations must continue to seek ways towards peace. Only diplomatic solutions can end the violence and restore stability across the continent.
